AU · Employment Law

How to lodge a general protections claim with the Fair Work Commission

In short

General protections claims are lodged with the Fair Work Commission under Part 3-1 of the Fair Work Act 2009. The application is the Form F8, must be lodged within 21 days of dismissal (for dismissal-based claims), and addresses adverse action because of a workplace right or other protected attribute.

Who: Employees who have suffered adverse action because they exercised a workplace right (such as making a complaint), are members of an industrial association, or have a protected attribute (such as race, sex, age).
Where: Fair Work Commission for the initial application and conference. Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia for unresolved dismissal-based matters.
Time: Filing within 21 days for dismissal-based claims is mandatory. FWC conference typically scheduled within 4-8 weeks. Court proceedings (if no settlement) typically take 6-18 months.
Fees: Standard FWC application fee applies. Fee waiver available for concession card holders.
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Legal basis

The framework

General protections are governed by Part 3-1 of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth). The application is made under section 365 (dismissal-based) or section 372 (non-dismissal). The reverse onus of proof in section 361 is significant.

10 steps

The process

1

Confirm the claim type

Identify whether the claim is dismissal-based (s 365) or non-dismissal (s 372). The procedure differs significantly.

Your lawyer
2

Identify the workplace right or protected attribute

Specify the workplace right exercised (complaint, inquiry, etc.) or protected attribute (race, sex, etc.) on which the claim is based.

Your lawyer
3

Identify the adverse action

Specify what the employer did — dismissal, demotion, disadvantage, threat. Adverse action is broadly defined under section 342.

Your lawyer
4

Establish causation

Identify the connection between the workplace right / attribute and the adverse action. Note the reverse onus — once the employee identifies the connection, the employer must prove it was not the reason.

Your lawyer
5

Check the time limit

For dismissal-based claims, lodge within 21 days of dismissal. Non-dismissal claims have a 6-year limitation period.

You
6

Complete the Form F8

Fill in the application form with all required details, the grounds, and the remedy sought.

You
7

Pay the fee or apply for waiver

Pay the FWC application fee or apply for a fee waiver if eligible.

You
8

Lodge with the FWC

Lodge the Form F8 through the FWC online portal.

You
9

Attend the conference

For dismissal-based claims, the FWC schedules a conference. Most matters resolve at this stage.

You
10

Proceed to court if not resolved

If the dispute is not resolved at the FWC conference, dismissal-based matters proceed to the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia for determination.

The FWC / FCFCOA
Avoid these mistakes

Common mistakes

  • Confusing general protections with unfair dismissal — different frameworks and remedies
  • Missing the 21-day filing deadline for dismissal-based claims
  • Failing to identify a specific workplace right or protected attribute
  • Not establishing causation clearly
  • Underestimating the strength of the reverse onus
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Get this process right with Quillio

Quillio drafts general protections applications under the Fair Work Act, helps frame the workplace right and adverse action, and researches recent FWC and Federal Court authority. See /practice-areas/employment-lawyers or start a free trial.

This guide is general information about general protections claims — not legal advice. Always obtain independent legal advice for specific matters.

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